古晋，1 月 9 日：首相拿督斯里安华关于立即“实施”1963 年马来西亚协议（MA63）的指示是否是政治噱头？
沙巴砂拉越权力澳大利亚新西兰（SSRANZ）主席罗伯特贝说，不可能立即恢复或实施许多 MA63 基本条款和权利自1965年被剝奪之特别是行政权力和自治地位的下放，正如 砂拉越政盟Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS) 和沙巴政盟 Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) 政府指出的那样。
“在实施之前必须解决一些法律问题。首先，联邦政府和州政府应在 2023 年 3 月之前暂停行动以等待婆罗洲高等法院就 MA63 有效性的令状作出裁决。
“其次，如果 MA63 有效，则有必要废除所有法律和1974年石油發展法令，尤其是第 354 号法令,该法令非法剥夺了沙巴和砂拉越根深蒂固的宪法权力, 从而使该協议恢复到 1963 年的状态。 .
“最重要的是，这将恢复对石油和天然气资源的控制，这对两国的发展至关重要,'' 他在今天的一份声明中说。
罗伯特贝还质疑，突然匆忙“实施 MA63”是否是为了“阻止”目前正在婆罗洲高等法院審判的案件，在该案件中，11 名诉讼当事人正在质疑 MA63 的有效性，并要求赔偿因违反条约而造成的损失和痛苦。
他说，根据新闻报道，该令状于 2022 年 12 月起訴针对英国、马来西亚和砂拉越政府並寻求宣布 MA63 无效且不具有法律约束力，因为它存在许多违反国际法的违法行为和缺陷.
他断言，即使 MA63 是有效制定，它也不具有法律约束力，因为联邦宪法从 1963 年起絕不承認該協议直到 2021 年修正案方承认马来西亚是根据该条约成立的。
“这一法律缺陷以及 MA63 和马来西亚是在强制性紧急情况下缔结的事实，並质疑其是否在 1963 年合法地组成联邦。
“马来西亚在地位上只不过是一个不符实际的联邦，”他补充说。
他还认为，由于英国未能在 1963 年至 1970 年期间向联合国登记该協议，MA63 也被宣告无效。
“根据《联合国宪章》第 102 条第 2 款，所有联合国会员国必须在批准条约后立即登记，如果不登记，则不能援引该条约。
他说：“如果该条约不能在 6 年内被援引，那么在此期间以马来西亚名义进行的所有行动都是非法的，并且会影响马来西亚的法律地位和行为。”
贝瑞华也呼吁首相和婆罗洲州政府首先检讨沙巴和砂拉越在联邦的法律地位，以及许多影响马来西亚合法性的法律问题因其有责任在对MA63采取进一步行动之前解决这些问题。
“砂拉越政府也应该保持透明，就 MA63 举行公开听证会，并披露其伦敦法律团队对 MA63 的调查结果，”他说。 — DayakDaily
NGO questions if PM’s directive for immediate “implementation” of MA63 is political stunt Jan 9, 2023 @ 13:17
KUCHING, Jan 9: Is Prime Minister Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim’s directive for immediate “implementation” of Malaysia Agreement 1963 (MA63) a political stunt?
Sabah Sarawak Rights Australia New Zealand (SSRANZ) president Robert Pei said it is impossible to immediately reinstate or implement many MA63 foundational terms and rights especially devolution of administrative powers and autonomy status, which have been removed since 1965 as pointed out by the
Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS) and Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) governments.
“A number of legal matters must be resolved before implementation. Firstly, the federal and State governments should withhold action till March 2023, pending the Borneo High Court’s decision on the Writ on MA63 validity.
“Secondly, if MA63 is valid, there is the need to reinstate the treaty to its 1963 position by repealing all laws especially Act 354, that had illegally taken away Sabah and Sarawak’s entrenched constitutional rights and powers and the Petroleum Development Act 1974 (PDA74).
“This would most importantly, restore control of oil and gas resources, which is essential for the development of both states,” he said in a statement today.
Pei also questioned if the sudden haste to “implement MA63” was to “head off” the current Borneo High Court case in which 11 litigants are challenging the validity of MA63 and seeking compensation for loss and suffering arising from treaty breaches.
He said according to news reports, the Writ was filed in Dec 2022 against the governments of the United Kingdom, Malaysia and Sarawak, seeking declarations that MA63 was invalid and not legally binding as it was tainted by many illegalities and defects in violation of international law.
He asserted that even if MA63 had been validly made, it was never legally binding as it was not recognised by the Federal Constitution from 1963 till the 2021 amendment to acknowledge that Malaysia was set up pursuant to the treaty.
“This legal defect and the fact that MA63 and Malaysia were concluded under coercive emergency conditions, question whether Malaysia was legitimately constituted as a federation in 1963.
“Malaysia would be no more than a de facto federation in status,” he added.
Pei also opined MA63 was also rendered void by the UK’s failure to register the treaty with the United Nations from 1963 to 1970.
“Under Article 102(2) of the UN Charter, all UN members must promptly register a treaty after ratification and if not done, the treaty could not be invoked.
“If the treaty could not be invoked for 6 years, then all the actions done during that time in the name of Malaysia would be illegitimate and impact on the legal status and acts of Malaysia,” he said.
Pei also called on the Prime Minister and the Borneo State governments to firstly review the legal status of Sabah and Sarawak in the federation and many legal issues affecting Malaysia’s legitimacy, which they have a duty to resolved before further action on MA63.
“The Sarawak State government should also be transparent and hold public hearings on MA63 and disclose its London legal team’s findings on MA63,” he said. — DayakDaily
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