Wednesday, 11 May 2016

Malayan Independence

The history of British involvement in Malaya goes back to 1786, when the East India Company established a trading post on Penang Island. Sir Stamford Raffles founded a British settlement on the island of Singapore in 1819 and by 1830 the British Straits Settlements also included Malacca. From the 1870s the sultans of the small Malay states began accepting British ‘advisers’, who were effectively rulers. In 1896 a federation of Negri Sembilan, Perak, Selangor and Pahang was established with its capital at Kuala Lumpur. Heavy immigration from China and India was encouraged to supply labour for British rubber plantations and tin mines.

Invading from the north, the Japanese rapidly overran Malaya and took Singapore in 1942. After the war, in 1948, a Federation of Malaya was created under British protection, but British and Commonwealth troops had to put down a Communist insurrection, which lasted into the early 1950s. It was by now agreed that Malayan independence was the answer to the Communist claim that they were fighting to free the Malayan people from the British yoke. An election in 1955 was won hands-down by the United Malay National Organisation (UMNO) by running Malay candidates in Malay-dominated areas, Chinese candidates in Chinese areas and Indian candidates in Indian ones. The UMNO’s leader Tunku Abdul Rahman became prime minister when the independent Federation of Malaya came into being in 1957.

At a ceremony in the new Merdeka Stadium in Kuala Lumpur, Abdul Rahman proclaimed Malaya as ‘a sovereign, democratic and independent State founded on the principles of liberty and justice, and ever seeking the welfare and happiness of its people and the maintenance of a just peace among all nations.’ He went on to say that Malaya had been ‘blessed with a good administration forged and tempered to perfection by by successive British administrators’ and called for Britain’s legacy not to be forgotten or spoiled in the future. A message from the Queen welcomed Malaya to the Commonwealth and numerous Commonwealth premiers sent goodwill wishes. The Union Jack was lowered and the Malayan flag hoisted in its place, while elsewhere in the country there were fireworks, bonfires, dances and concerts.

The federation was renamed Malaysia in 1963, when besides Singapore and all the Malay states it also included two areas in North Borneo – Sarawak and Sabah. Singapore opted out and went its own way in 1965.

- See more at: http://www.historytoday.com/richard-cavendish/malayan-independence#sthash.YuFNyAlV.dpuf

My comments:

The Federation of Malaysia is made up of the Federation of Malaya, Sarawak and Sabah. So, Najib is the prime minster of the Federation of Malaya. To position himself as the PM of Malaysia is very much against the constitution of the Federation of Malaysia. The acts of supremacy over Sarawak and Sabah, "auch!!!!" are the shameless behaviour of the autocrat. The UMNO and Najib know no shame.

I hope more and more Sarawakians and Sabahans are aware of our position and relationship in the Federation of Malaysia. The 11 states in Peninsula Malaya are in an entity of the Federation of Malaya. Non of the states can claim to be in the Federation of Malaysia, can you? Prove me wrong. For Sarawak and Sabah, we can opt out the Federation of Malaysia. But if any state in Peninsula Malaysia, if you want to opt out , you are opting out form the Federation of Malaya, not Malaysia. Prove me if you can. Facts stand out to all forms of argument. (事实胜于强辩)。

History was not the subject I liked. But now I must try my very best to find out the history of Malaya Peninsula and the Federation of Malaysia to ensure that there is no mixed up hoping to undo the messed up by the UMNO political thugs on purpose.

The Federation of Malaya

The Federation of Malaya

The Federation of Malaya, which comprised the nine Malay states and the Straits Settlements of Penang and Malacca, was inaugurated on 1 February 1948 to replace the Malayan Union.^[1] The exclusion of Singapore, which remained a separate crown colony, was the sole feature of the Malayan Union that was retained in the new federation.^[2]

Officially formed on 1 April 1946, the Malayan Union was the outcome of British efforts to improve administrative efficiency through the creation of a unitary state as the first step towards the eventual self-government of Malaya.^[3] However, the Malayan Union scheme, which entailed the surrender of Malay sovereignty over the Malay states and the extension of common citizenship to immigrant communities, was viewed as a severe blow to Malay political standing.^[4] Widespread Malay opposition to the scheme prompted the British to pursue confidential consultations with representatives of the newly formed United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) and the Malay rulers.^[5]

The decision to replace the Malayan Union with a federation was made by the British Colonial Office in July 1946, and an Anglo-Malay Working Committee was convened to draw up the details.^[6] The working committee proposed a federation of the peninsular states and settlements, with increased safeguards for the special position of the Malays and the sovereignty of the Malay rulers, as well as more restrictive citizenship requirements.^[7]

In Singapore, groups opposing the federation scheme formed a united front, the Council of Joint Action (CJA), which later expanded into the Pan-Malayan Council of Joint Action (PMCJA), in December 1946.^[8] The PMCJA called for the inclusion of Singapore within a united Malaya, responsible self-government with a fully-elected legislature, as well as equal citizenship rights for all who had made Malaya their permanent home and the object of their undivided loyalty.^[9] Between 1947 and early 1948, the PMCJA partnered the Pusat Tenaga Rakyat (PUTERA), which was a coalition of Malay organisations, to mount an anti-federation campaign that culminated in an economic strike or hartal in October 1947.^[10] The coalition fell apart shortly after the formation of the Federation of Malaya in February 1948.^[11]The separation of Singapore from the Malayan peninsula marked an important milestone in the political development of the island until 1963 when it merged for a brief period with the Federation of Malaya to form the Federation of Malaysia.^[12]References1. Turnbull, C. M. (2009). A history of modern Singapore, 1819–2005 (p. 235). Singapore: NUS Press. Call no.: RSING 959.57 TUR.
2. Turnbull, 2009, p. 234.
3. Mohamed Noordin Sopiee. (2005). From Malayan Union to Singapore separation: Political unification in the Malaysia region, 1945–65 (pp. 16–17). Kuala Lumpur: University Malaya Press. Call no.: RSING 959.5 MOH.
4. Mohamed Noordin Sopiee, 2005, pp. 33–38.
5. Mohamed Noordin Sopiee, 2005, pp. 21–22.
6. Malayan Federation instead of Union. (1946, July 5). The Straits Times, p. 1. Retrieved from NewspaperSG.
7. Malayan Union. Working Committee on the Constitutional Proposals. (1946). Summary of the Report of the Working Committee appointed by a Conference of His Excellency the Governor of the Malayan Union, Their Highnesses the rulers of the Malay States and the representatives of the United Malays National Organisation. Revised to the 19th of December, 1946. Kuala Lumpur: Printed at the Malayan Union Govt. Press. Call no.: RCLOS S 342.595 MAL.
8. Lau, A. (1991). The Malayan Union controversy 1942–1948 (pp. 212–213). Singapore: Oxford University Press. Call no.: RSING 320.95951 LAU.
9. Pan-Malayan body formed. (1946, December 23). The Straits Times, p. 1. Retrieved from NewspaperSG.
10. Stockwell, A. J. (1979). British policy and Malay politics during the Malayan Union experiment, 1945–1948 (p. 94). Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. Call no.: 959.51035 STO.
11. Yeo, K. W. (1973). Political development in Singapore, 1945–55 (pp. 42–44). Singapore: Singapore University Press. Call no.: RSING 320.95957 YEO.
12. Chew, E., & Lee, E. (Eds.). (1991). A history of Singapore (p. 118). Singapore: Oxford University Press. Call no.: RSING 959.57 HIS.

The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic.

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1st March 1948Singapore Constitution takes effect

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Sabah, Sarawak’s fight for fair play Putrajaya’s nightmare

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OUTSPOKEN: East Malaysians were – in fact, still are – aghast when Putrajaya announced its plan to amend the Sedition Act 1948.

Playing to sooth was Minister in the Prime Minister’s Department Nancy Shukri who said Sarawakians and Sabahans had nothing to worry as the proposed amendment would not affect their special rights.

She said the amendment would not restrict Sabahans and Sarawakians’ freedom of speech except where criticisms could bring bad implications and affect the royal institution, racial unity and religious harmony.

Otherwise, she said, there should not be any worries as far as Sabah and Sarawak are concerned, as the proposed amendment will not infringe the Constitution.

But the Borneo states’ leaders, rights groups and laymen alike still cannot help seeing the move as a systematic attempt to stymie Sabahans and Sarawakians’ freedom of expression and silence them into subservience.

The clues after all are there for everyone to see.

At the opening of the Umno general assembly last year, Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak had announced that the scope of the Sedition Act would be widened to include, among others, prohibiting calls for secession of the two Borneo states from Malaysia.

Talk of secession gained traction last year, when groups from various online social media organised themselves under the brand ‘Sabah Sarawak Keluar Malaysia’ (SSKM).

Those supporting the movement had called for a review of the Malaysia Agreement 1963 which saw the Federation of Malaya, Singapore, Sarawak, North Borneo (Sabah) forming one nation as equal partners.

Last September, Home Minister Datuk Seri Ahmad Zahid Hamidi issued a warning to groups calling for secession of Sabah and Sarawak from the Federation, threatening them with legal actions.

He argued that Sabah and Sarawak are very much a part of the country and that questions of neo-colonialism does not arise at all.

He reminded that the referendum conducted by the Cobbold Commission prior to the formation of Malaysia was endorsed by the United Nations and is still in force.

In a direct response, Sabah State Reform Party (Star) chief Datuk Jeffrey Kitingan said before Najib and Zahid arrest anyone connected with Sabah issues, they should first start arresting 'the traitors and culprits' behind the issuance of dubious ICs and MyKads to illegal immigrants, and the insertion of illegals as voters in the electoral rolls,.

“They should also arrest the ultra-Malays, extremists and racial bigots who are seeking to seize and trample the legitimate rights of others and even to the extent of Umno leaders chasing out Malaysians to leave the federation,” he said.

He said the ultra-Malays, extremists and racial bigots were more dangerous than East Malaysians asking for the restoration of their rights and the re-examination of the Malaysia Agreement.

“If the federal government had any decency and treat Sabahans as equal Malaysians, the proper course would have been to engage the nationalists and activists and address the grievances and injustices against the people in Sabah and Sarawak,” Jeffrey argued.

Nancy’s assurance pales beside that piece from Jeffrey while legal experts from the two Borneo states further argued that the proposed amendment could have far-reaching implications as it is sure to involve the rights of the two states as per the Malaysia Agreement 1963, therefore, could be challenged in the court of law.

They said once the amendment is in place, Sarawakians and Sabahans will not be able to voice their rights in line with the agreement to express unhappiness over allegations of unequal treatment by the federal government.

Later, even as Nancy called on the people to view the proposed amendment from a positive perspective, which is to further enhance the existing racial and religious harmony, Sarawak Association for Peoples’ Aspiration (Sapa), banned after hardly a year in existence, was filing an application for a judicial review to quash the Home Minister’s order made last November.

Counsel Dominique Ng claimed banning Sapa is a serious matter of public interest as it has struck at the very tenets of democracy and fundamental civil liberties guaranteed in the Malaysian Constitution — freedom of speech and expression, and freedom of association.

Nancy’s assurance of freedom of speech for East Malaysians rings hollow in the face of Sapa’s rather premature demise.

On the contrary, East Malaysians get more nervous – and have even less confidence in Nancy’s assurance – when just before Chinese New year, nine people were briefly arrested in Tuaran, Sabah, for handing out allegedly seditious pamphlets and mounting a signature campaign pushing for Sabah’s rights.

In Sapa’s ill fate and the Tuaran incident, it does look like the proposed amendment to the Sedition Act is to bring the East Malaysian states in line and that those who will have to face the full wrath of the new provision will be Sarawakians and Sabahans.

Then Sarawakian Nancy suddenly played wise, saying it would be unfair if the proposed new clause prohibiting calls for secession were to be applied to Sabah and Sarawak only. This is because talks of pulling out of Malaysia could happen anywhere in the country.

“I do not agree that the amendment is only aimed at Sabah and Sarawak. When you want to amend the law, you have to consider that this can also happen in any other states. We need to take consideration of all the states in the country. It is not about Sabah and Sarawak only,” she was quoted as saying.

Nancy said the provision against secession should apply to all states.

Hurrah! And congratulation. But as of now, you and I – and surely Nancy, too – can see that secession is more politically logical and real for the Borneo states than any of their Semenanjung counterparts.

If Nancy truly sees the unfairness and injustice in a provision targeted specifically at Sabah and Sarawak, as a Sarawakian, that’s expected of her.

But there is also every possibility that she is only trying to qualify the proposed amendment’s original intent and objective, which is sub-planting a supposed call by a minority for secession in the two states across the South China Sea.

What Putrajaya has refused to admit, it would seem, is that it is a growing call and that the amendment is aimed at nipping the problem in the bud, a problem that has the potential to snowball and gain momentum and popularity.

The prospect is frightening, more so when, even as Putrajaya grapples with the secession issue and a growing demand to revisit the 18/20 Point Malaysia Agreement, Scotland was allowed to run a referendum to see if the United Kingdom was still a viable entity.

The Scotland episode is the least that Putrajaya would ever wanted, not when it runs counter to the fundamental objective of proposed amendment to the Sedition Act, which is to silence critics of Putrajaya in the Borneo states.

All Putrajaya sees is there is imminent danger in any move towards secession by Sarawak and Sabah and that a referendum will surely invite trouble. BIG trouble.

- See more at: http://www.theantdaily.com/Main/Sabah-Sarawak-s-fight-for-fair-play-Putrajaya-s-nightmare#sthash.6Ba2E4w4.dpuf

SABAH & SARAWAK KELUAR MALAYSIA started on 9/8/2011 (Tuesday); time approx. 3:29pm; and WE ARE NON PARTISAN GROUP OR AFFILIATED TO OTHER POLITICAL PARTIES.

Sabah Sarawak Keluar Malaysia (SSKM) group was established on 2011 August, 9 approximately at 3.25pm, Tuesday, on Facebook. The Founder of this group is Doris Jones, a Sabahan-born Para Legal UK-based. The group started off with a small number of supporters, eventually gained more than a 10,000 online supporters and followers within a few months after its establishment.

In 2012, the SSKM online group was hacked by an unidentified individual, assumed to have the intention of crippling down SSKM movement and idea. However, such puny sabotage has done nothing but fueling the spirit of SSKM existing supporters. A new Facebook page was created immediately after, going by the same name of the previous hacked page. Since then, approval of group-joining requests has been strictly monitored. Facebook accounts which are deemed fake or “too secretive” has been banned from joining the group i.e; Facebook accounts with no proper profile picture, or fake names. The approvals of members were also been restricted to citizens of Sabah and Sarawak.

Since its establishment, SSKM garnered both supporters and opposes. Threats, negative remarks, and misleading false accusations were given from opposing public as well as NGOs, including some local leaders from the ruling government and also oppositions. But the spirit and focus of the group were never shaken but instead SSKM continued to move further forward.

In August 2013, SSKM has been officially registered under a new Non-Government Organization based in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) by the name of Sabah Sarawak Union - UK (SSU-UK).

On September 2014, the Government of Malaya, who has been masquerading as the Government of The Federation of Malaysia for 51 years, has officially and publicly acknowledge the existence of SSKM Group and has been denouncing SSKM in the social media constantly, aggressively. However, SSKM Group considered this as a free promotion for the group into the awareness of the public in Federation of Malaysia, as well as to the whole world. Since then, SSKM gained further public attention and began to move more publicly and vocally.

Shaken, the Malayan Government published a remark, accusing SSKM Group as being a “Separatist Movement”. However, SSKM continued to gain further support from the citizens of the Borneo States of Sabah and Sarawak, with applications to join the group poured in endlessly. This in turn has given a clear message that there are a larger number of concerned citizen who have seen the flaws in the Malaysian Agreement and that Federal Government have failed to obey the original concept of the federation.

The BEST OPTION for Bornean is a True Independence!

Sabah and Sarawak has been governed under the current Administration since 1963. That was the year Malaysia was born and sadly, that was a new beginning of political slavery that took place in these two promising lands. Sabah and Sarawak were seen and mentioned by the current Administration as their fix deposits which they gain in terms of political "interest" during Election time has taken their natives, people and produce for granted.

Such blessed soil that produces crops such as Palm Oil and Rubber should have converted into massive developments for the locals in both States especially when the commodity prices escalates over the years. However, the sad and horrible Truth is that the People were left and abandon from further developments. Education systems that continue to suppres the creativity minds of the people in fear that the future generations might wake up one day to fight for what was theirs in the very FIRST PLACE. The SALCRA programs for both States were designed to keep generations of natives and locals as their working horse while they cash in by making millions individually. Individuals gain immeasurable wealth at the expense of these ignorant and innocent people. The current NEP system and policies have given birth to a crippled nation in these two States.

We are here to provide a platform for anyone who wishes to share and provide timely information on why Sabah and Sarawak should have its Independence. Their inclusion into Malaysia in 1963, were due to the generosity by the British Government. (The Brookes family seceded Sarawak to British in 1948). By right, these two States were not for anyone to give it to Malaya. Let us criticize or suggest constructively on how and why these two deserving States should have its own Government.

Give us our day in court, Sabah secessionist group says

September 3, 2014

by Julian Khoo : Editor

(Malay Mail Online) – A group aiming for the separation of Sabah and Sarawak from Malaysia has said that it would be happy to have its day in court to state its case even as the government claimed it had identified individuals driving secessionist talk and may try them for sedition.

The group, “Sabah Sarawak Keluar Malaysia” said in a statement its fight for its cause has been according to the law, historical facts and truths without physical violence.

The group released its statement after claims by the Home Ministry and police that individuals behind talk of Sabah seceding have been identified.

“We believe that the threats in the media from the government is actually strengthening our resolve in Sabah and Sarawak to face them in court and argue our case according to valid facts, so that our voices may be heard officially, whether it is in Malaysia or in the international arena,” the group’s representative, Doris Jones said in the statement.

“The truth is, the world is watching the injustices committed by the Federal Government towards Sabah and Sarawak,” she added.

Jones, a Sabahan lawyer based in the UK, said that she received many threats because of the group’s aim but added that its arguments are based on facts and backed up by valid documents.

“If these actions are considered wrong in the eyes of the Federal Government then that is their problems not ours,” she said.

SKMM has one public Facebook page with over 1,000 “Likes” and another “closed” group with a following of 16,000 people.

The group also has a blog with over 93,000 page views and several videos of historical facts and local people voicing their issues, one which has over 108,000 views since it was posted two years ago.

When contacted by the Malay Mail Online, Jones said she not received any contact from Home Ministry or the police.

“They can shut it (the blog or Facebook page) if they wish, but I can create another or many more to serve the same purpose. We are ready to deal with them,” she said adding that she has received many queries and interview requests from international media.

Tuesday, 10 May 2016

朋党资本主义扼杀大马

2016年5月10日时势点评

作者：朱冠华

最严重的腐败，不是某某官商勾结曝光的亿亿元贪污款项，而是腐败曝光后，当事人「不怕你捉」，也可以无视国民谴责，继续无惭无愧死赖不走，这才是最严重的贪污，最无药可救的腐败。

英国《经济学人》发佈朋党资本主义指数（crony-capitalism index）排名，马来西亚从两年前的第3名攀升至第2名，仅次于俄罗斯。朋党资本主义催生的寻租活动，是在不事生產的情况下，垄断社会资源及財富利润。

最易形成寻租市场的行业通常由政府运用行政权力介入干预，如赌博、煤炭、棕油、木材、军工、银行业、基础设施、石化、港口和机场、房地產、钢铁冶金和採掘、公用事业和通讯等行业。依靠这些行业產生的亿万富翁財產，佔国內生產总值的比重就形成了裙带资本主义指数。

虽然《经济学人》强调从事「寻租行业」的富豪未必有腐败或违法行为，但还是主张这些容易垄断、需要牌照或政府参与的行业更容易產生腐败。

《经济学人》对我国朋党资本主义的统计，认为相较其他国家，马来西亚亿万富翁的財富中，近乎全由朋党囊括，非朋党比率微乎其微。这些朋党佔了国內生產总值约14%。

对于马来西亚人民来说，我国「荣登」朋党资本主义指数第2名，是毫不惊讶的。

任何大马人都知道大马贪污无处不在，几乎遍及每个角落。《经济学人》的研究毕竟还是只限于「大鱼」，若將一些难以获得数据的「中鱼」、「小鱼」乃至「江鱼仔」一併计算，这个朋党资本主义指数的排名次序恐怕会大幅度改写了！

例如，最近上任不到一年的马航董事经理兼首席执行员克里斯托慕勒宣佈提早离职，原因是什么？大马人民心知肚明。这位外籍有名的航空业重组能手，曾经表示马航有约2万个供应商合同，这实在不合情理。

马航严重亏损，但是它的飞机餐供应商却赚大钱，所以他认为应该裁减到2500供应商才是合理的数字。可这一下会动到多少朋党的「乳酪」，任你克里斯托慕勒才能再高，在朋党资本主义No.2的马来西亚，也是处处受掣肘，无能为力，只能一路好走。

朋党资本主义危害大
朋党资本主义对马来西亚的危害很大。这几十年来，大马经济逐渐被韩国、台湾、新加坡超越，现在又面临其他东南亚国家直追下，距离也越来越近。难怪有人会戏称大马未来会成为最大的女佣出口国。究其实，就是我国施行新经济政策下，朋党资本主义「蓬勃发展」造成我国经济结构的活力「蓬勃萎缩」。

朋党资本主义的特点，不在于自己的商业能力，而是取决于企业、商界人士和政府官员、政客之间的关係是否密切，以及政治领导人对效忠者、追隨者给予特別的庇护、提拔和奖赏。这种偏袒可能是表现在法律许可的分配、政府补助或特殊的税收优惠等等。

朋党都是奉美国石油大亨洛克菲勒的名言「竞爭是罪恶」为圭梟。所以热衷于通过「寻租」来攫取利益，致力取得更大的蛋糕分额，而不是把蛋糕做得更大。这些人为了保护自己当前的利益，都会拒绝任何进步竞爭和技术提升。经济发展就因此而遭到扼杀，国人往往付一流价格，却使用三流產品。或者在某產业生產链中创造一个多余的环节，如规定商家必须通过这环节进出口，或检验，或供应等，让朋党可以垄断这环节，无须生產和竞爭就能轻鬆获利。

在国家经济上，朋党资本主义会造成生產成本提高和效率变差；在政治上破坏民主制度，国家由资本家主宰而不再是人民，政府政策也因此往往倾向劫贫济富；同时，政府也会失去对人民提供公共服务的责任感，而大量外包给私人企业获利。

马来西亚的经济结构问题，明眼人都知道在那里，就是朋党资本主义扼杀了人民创造的能力，掠夺人民企业发展的努力成果，鼓励分配而不鼓励创造，垄断妨碍了进步的竞爭。

发展被各国超越
生活在这样的体制下，大马经济发展自然不可能有活力，综合发展逐一被其他国家超越。我国以前从和韩国比较，退步到和柬埔寨比较，就是一个实例。现在，柬埔寨的网速都比我国还快，再发展下去，以后我国只能退步到和非洲土著比较了！

最严重的腐败，不是某某官商勾结曝光的亿亿元贪污款项，而是腐败曝光后，当事人「不怕你捉」，也可以无视国民谴责，继续无惭无愧死赖不走，这才是最严重的贪污，最无药可救的腐败。

但凡国家腐败发展到这种程度时，本有政治和法律体制已经不可能纠正了，只能继续烂下去直到国家崩溃为止，一切只能从零开始了！这是大马无可避免的宿命。

Mycomments：
AdenanSatem 在砂国82席位赢了72席位，有人还想要100%执政砂国。尤其是华人区。 BN成员党要回全部。好像这些席位合该是他们的。所以这联邦国，这么样沦陷了。我们砂国就这么样被拉下水。投国阵一个人是RM500 到手。就是这么样的[买卖民主]。民主的价值就这么样一次又一次被[断送]了。

Labahua

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Wednesday, 11 May 2016

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Sabah, Sarawak’s fight for fair play Putrajaya’s nightmare

Give us our day in court, Sabah secessionist group says

Tuesday, 10 May 2016

朋党资本主义扼杀大马

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Wednesday, 11 May 2016

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The Federation of Malaya

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Related Articles in

Politics and Government

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Sabah, Sarawak’s fight for fair play Putrajaya’s nightmare

Give us our day in court, Sabah secessionist group says

Tuesday, 10 May 2016

朋党资本主义扼杀大马